Vitalik Buterin, co-founder of Ethereum, has expressed optimism for 2023, including surpassing a new milestone for rollup scaling in accordance with the Ethereum roadmap.

In response to a post from former Coinbase CTO Balaji Srinivasan asking users what they were bullish about in 2023, Buterin said he was looking forward to hitting the "basic rollup scaling" milestone outlined in the Ethereum roadmap.

This, he clarified, signified the release of The Surge, or the Ethereum Improvement Proposal (EIP)-4884.

Shanghai was expected to incorporate EIP-4884, allowing "proto-danksharding" to significantly increase layer-2 rollup scalability (The Surge) before the big Sharding update is fully implemented late next year.

The Ethereum developer also announced that the Ethereum Improvement Protocol (EIP) 4884, which was dropped from the forthcoming Shanghai update package scheduled for March, will be reintroduced at some point in 2023.

According to a post made on the "Ethereum Magicians forum" on Nov. 22, there are three stages of "trust model" based on how advanced a project's technology is. He also stated that this would entail rollups "partially taking off training wheels, at least to stage 1."

All transactions must be on-chain in Stage 0, which Buterin compares to having "full training wheels," and users must be able to withdraw their funds without the operator.

In order to accept or reject which transactions are permitted by the smart contract, stage 1 or "limited training wheels" must contain a transaction verification technique, such as a fraud-proof or validity-proof scheme, as well as an overriding security council to oversee the procedure.

Stage 2, on the other hand, has "no training wheels" and requires either one of each of two unique fraud provables, two distinct validity provables, or both. At this point, upgrades are permitted but must have a delay of at least 30 days.

Buterin provided some thoughts on what he believes a "Good Crypto Future" would look like in a different Twitter post one day earlier, on December 30.

Buterin noted many crypto-related issues that would need to be addressed, including scaling, privacy, user experience, and making user accounts more secure for normal consumers than centralized systems.

Payments and decentralized finance (DeFi) are also part of his vision for the future, as are new organizational paradigms powered by decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs).